27 research outputs found
Modular space station phase B extension period executive summary
A narrative summary is presented of technical, programmatic, and planning information developed during the space station definition study extension period. The modular space station is emphasized, but tasks pertaining to shuttle sorties missions and information management advanced development are included. A series of program options considering technical, schedule, and programmatic alternatives to the baseline program are defined and evaluated
Generation of 10^15 - 10^17 eV photons by UHE CR in the Galactic magnetic filed
We show that the deep expected in the diffuse photon spectrum above the
threshold of e+e- pair production, i.e., at energies 10^15 - 10^17 eV, may be
absent due to the synchrotron radiation by the electron component of the
extragalactic Ultra-High Energy Cosmic Rays (UHE CR) in the Galactic magnetic
filed. The mechanism we propose requires small (less than 2x10^-12 G)
extragalactic magnetic fields and large fraction of photons in the UHE CR. For
a typical photon flux expected in top-down scenarios of UHE CR, the predicted
flux in the region of the deep is close to the existing experimental limit. The
sensitivity of our mechanism to the extragalactic magnetic field may be used to
improve existing bounds on the latter by two orders of magnitude.Comment: 11 pages, LaTeX, 1 .ps figure. Numerical error corrected; references
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Re-establishing the âoutsidersâ: English press coverage of the 2015 FIFA Womenâs World Cup
In 2015, the England Womenâs national football team finished third at the Womenâs World Cup in Canada. Alongside the establishment of the Womenâs Super League in 2011, the success of the womenâs team posed a striking contrast to the recent failures of the England menâs team and in doing so presented a timely opportunity to examine the negotiation of hegemonic discourses on gender, sport and football. Drawing upon an âestablished-outsiderâ approach, this article examines how, in newspaper coverage of the England womenâs team, gendered constructions revealed processes of alteration, assimilation and resistance. Rather than suggesting that âestablishedâ discourses assume a normative connection between masculinity and football, the findings reveal how gendered âboundariesâ were both challenged and protected in newspaper coverage. Despite their success, the discursive positioning of the womenâs team as âoutsidersâ, served to (re)establish menâs football as superior, culturally salient and âbetterâ than the womenâs team/game. Accordingly, we contend that attempts to build and, in many instances, rediscover the history of womenâs football, can be used to challenge established cultural representations that draw exclusively from the history of the menâs game. In such instances, the 2015 Womenâs World Cup provides a historical moment from which the womenâs game can be relocated in a context of popular culture
Backtracking and the Ethics of Framing: Lessons from Voles and Vasopressin
When communicating scientific information, experts often face difficult choices about how to promote public understanding while also maintaining an appropriate level of objectivity. We argue that one way for scientists and others involved in communicating scientific information to alleviate these tensions is to pay closer attention to the major frames employed in the contexts in which they work. By doing so, they can ideally employ useful frames while also enabling the recipients of information to âbacktrackâ to relatively uncontroversial facts and recognize how these frames relate to their own values and perspectives. Important strategies for promoting this sort of backtracking include identifying the weaknesses of particular frames, preventing misunderstanding of them, differentiating well-supported findings from more speculative claims, and acknowledging major alternative frames